Virgin Media O2 is to cut thousands of jobs and scale back its fibre expansion as part of an £800m cost-cutting programme, as the telecoms group tries to manage a £22bn debt pile and a broadband market that has turned against it.

The company, jointly owned by Liberty Global and Telefónica, said £300m of the savings target will come from job cuts that reduce its employee wage bill by 30% over the next two years. It did not specify how many roles will go, but the reduction could amount to as many as 25% of its 16,000 workforce, most of them in non-customer-facing positions.

Virgin Media O2 also said it is in talks about using a rival's network to expand beyond its own footprint, which would mean piggybacking on BT's national Openreach network, already used by providers including Sky and Vodafone.

Why the numbers are difficult

The company's latest results show the pressure. It lost 23,300 fixed-line customers in the third quarter, taking its total to 5.5 million. Revenue fell 5.7% to £2.4bn and adjusted core earnings dropped 2.6% to £995m, according to Channel NewsAsia.

The competitive squeeze has two sources. BT's national fibre rollout has reached into areas where Virgin's cable network used to be the fastest option, and dozens of smaller "alt-nets" have built fibre in dense urban areas and compete on price. For a company carrying a large debt load, that combination leaves little room to keep spending on network construction at the previous pace.

"Standing still and doing what we've always done is not an option and while many of these decisions are tough, they are necessary," said the chief executive, Lutz Schüler. He said the company would give a fuller update on its strategic plan in the coming months.

The AI part of the plan

Part of the savings case rests on automation. Virgin Media O2 said it intends to increase the use of AI tools in areas including customer service, network planning and fault management.

That is the same argument being made across the sector, and it is one that regulators and unions will test. Customer service automation reduces headcount in call centres; network planning and fault management tools may reduce engineering visits. The company says most cuts will fall outside customer-facing roles, but the effect on service quality will be watched closely by Ofcom.

The comparison with the wider labour market is not flattering. The UK's revised business investment figures have been weak, and surveys of British business this autumn show firms citing energy costs and AI adoption as reasons to hold back on hiring while they reorganise. The US jobs report for September was also revised, showing how much uncertainty there is about the underlying strength of employment on both sides of the Atlantic.

What it means for broadband competition

The decision to slow fibre build and consider renting BT's network changes the shape of the market. If Virgin Media O2 becomes a wholesale customer of Openreach rather than a competing builder in some areas, the UK's fibre landscape will have fewer independent networks and more providers sharing one.

That is cheaper for the company and potentially faster for customers in areas that would otherwise wait for a second network. It also concentrates risk: if Openreach's build programme slips, its wholesale customers slip with it.

The alternative was to keep building at a pace the balance sheet could not easily support. With a £22bn debt pile and a market that is pricing broadband more aggressively every year, the company has chosen the cheaper route and is asking its workforce to absorb part of the cost.

What happens next

Consultation with unions and staff is expected to begin shortly. The company has not said which sites or functions will be affected, and the strategic plan promised for the coming months will set out how far the fibre retreat goes.

For customers, the immediate question is whether service and installation times hold up during the restructuring. For the government, which has promised nationwide gigabit coverage, the question is whether consolidation among network builders helps or hurts that goal. Virgin Media O2's answer, in effect, is that it can no longer afford to be both a builder and a competitor everywhere at once.

That calculation is now common across European telecoms. Networks are expensive to build and cheap to run once built, so companies with large legacy footprints face a choice between duplicating rivals' fibre and renting it. Renting keeps the retail brand alive and the balance sheet lighter, but it turns the company into a customer of the former monopoly it once competed against. For regulators, the trade-off is between faster coverage in the short term and less infrastructure competition in the long term.

The cuts come as the UK's revised business investment figures stay weak, the October survey of UK business on energy and AI shows firms holding back on hiring, and the revised US jobs report adds to the uncertainty about employment on both sides of the Atlantic.